Publications | Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems

198 results (View BibTeX file of all listed publications)

2018

From Deterministic ODEs to Dynamic Structural Causal Models

Rubenstein, P. K., Bongers, S., Schölkopf, B., Mooij, J. M.

Proceedings of the 34th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI), August 2018 (conference)

2018

ei Rubenstein, P. K., Bongers, S., Schölkopf, B., Mooij, J. M. From Deterministic ODEs to Dynamic Structural Causal Models Proceedings of the 34th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI), August 2018 (conference)

Arxiv link (url) [BibTex]

Generalized Score Functions for Causal Discovery

Huang, B., Zhang, K., Lin, Y., Schölkopf, B., Glymour, C.

Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD), pages: 1551-1560, (Editors: Yike Guo and Faisal Farooq), ACM, August 2018 (conference)

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

ei Huang, B., Zhang, K., Lin, Y., Schölkopf, B., Glymour, C. Generalized Score Functions for Causal Discovery Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD), pages: 1551-1560, (Editors: Yike Guo and Faisal Farooq), ACM, August 2018 (conference)

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

Decentralized MPC based Obstacle Avoidance for Multi-Robot Target Tracking Scenarios

Tallamraju, R., Rajappa, S., Black, M. J., Karlapalem, K., Ahmad, A.

2018 IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR), pages: 1-8, IEEE, August 2018 (conference)

Abstract

In this work, we consider the problem of decentralized multi-robot target tracking and obstacle avoidance in dynamic environments. Each robot executes a local motion planning algorithm which is based on model predictive control (MPC). The planner is designed as a quadratic program, subject to constraints on robot dynamics and obstacle avoidance. Repulsive potential field functions are employed to avoid obstacles. The novelty of our approach lies in embedding these non-linear potential field functions as constraints within a convex optimization framework. Our method convexifies nonconvex constraints and dependencies, by replacing them as pre-computed external input forces in robot dynamics. The proposed algorithm additionally incorporates different methods to avoid field local minima problems associated with using potential field functions in planning. The motion planner does not enforce predefined trajectories or any formation geometry on the robots and is a comprehensive solution for cooperative obstacle avoidance in the context of multi-robot target tracking. We perform simulation studies for different scenarios to showcase the convergence and efficacy of the proposed algorithm.

Published Version link (url) DOI [BibTex]

ps Tallamraju, R., Rajappa, S., Black, M. J., Karlapalem, K., Ahmad, A. Decentralized MPC based Obstacle Avoidance for Multi-Robot Target Tracking Scenarios 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR), pages: 1-8, IEEE, August 2018 (conference)

Published Version link (url) DOI [BibTex]

A Conditional Gradient Framework for Composite Convex Minimization with Applications to Semidefinite Programming

Yurtsever, A., Fercoq, O., Locatello, F., Cevher, V.

Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 5713-5722, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Yurtsever, A., Fercoq, O., Locatello, F., Cevher, V. A Conditional Gradient Framework for Composite Convex Minimization with Applications to Semidefinite Programming Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 5713-5722, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Programmable collective behavior in dynamically self-assembled mobile microrobotic swarms

B Yigit, , Y Alapan, , Sitti, M.

Advanced Science, July 2018 (article)

Abstract

Collective control of mobile microrobotic swarms is indispensable for their potential high-impact applications in targeted drug delivery, medical diagnostics, parallel micromanipulation, and environmental sensing and remediation. Lack of on-board computational and sensing capabilities in current microrobotic systems necessitates use of physical interactions among individual microrobots for local physical communication and cooperation. Here, we show that mobile microrobotic swarms with well-defined collective behavior can be designed by engineering magnetic interactions among individual units. Microrobots, consisting of a linear chain of self-assembled magnetic microparticles, locomote on surfaces in response to a precessing magnetic field. Control over the direction of precessing magnetic field allows engineering attractive and repulsive interactions among microrobots and, thus, collective order with well-defined spatial organization and parallel operation over macroscale distances (~ 1 cm). These microrobotic swarms can be guided through confined spaces, while preserving microrobot morphology and function. These swarms can further achieve directional transport of large cargoes on surfaces and small cargoes in bulk fluids. Described design approach, exploiting physical interactions among individual robots, enables facile and rapid formation of self-organized and reconfigurable microrobotic swarms with programmable collective order.

link (url) [BibTex]

pi B Yigit, , Y Alapan, , Sitti, M. Programmable collective behavior in dynamically self-assembled mobile microrobotic swarms Advanced Science, July 2018 (article)

link (url) [BibTex]

3D-Printed Biodegradable Microswimmer for Drug Delivery and Targeted Cell Labeling

Hakan Ceylan, , I. Ceren Yasa, , Oncay Yasa, , Ahmet Fatih Tabak, , Joshua Giltinan, , Sitti, M.

bioRxiv, pages: 379024, July 2018 (article)

Abstract

Miniaturization of interventional medical devices can leverage minimally invasive technologies by enabling operational resolution at cellular length scales with high precision and repeatability. Untethered micron-scale mobile robots can realize this by navigating and performing in hard-to-reach, confined and delicate inner body sites. However, such a complex task requires an integrated design and engineering strategy, where powering, control, environmental sensing, medical functionality and biodegradability need to be considered altogether. The present study reports a hydrogel-based, biodegradable microrobotic swimmer, which is responsive to the changes in its microenvironment for theranostic cargo delivery and release tasks. We design a double-helical magnetic microswimmer of 20 micrometers length, which is 3D-printed with complex geometrical and compositional features. At normal physiological concentrations, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) enzyme can entirely degrade the microswimmer body in 118 h to solubilized non-toxic products. The microswimmer can respond to the pathological concentrations of MMP-2 by swelling and thereby accelerating the release kinetics of the drug payload. Anti-ErbB 2 antibody-tagged magnetic nanoparticles released from the degraded microswimmers serve for targeted labeling of SKBR3 breast cancer cells to realize the potential of medical imaging of local tissue sites following the therapeutic intervention. These results represent a leap forward toward clinical medical microrobots that are capable of sensing, responding to the local pathological information, and performing specific therapeutic and diagnostic tasks as orderly executed operations using their smart composite material architectures.

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

pi Hakan Ceylan, , I. Ceren Yasa, , Oncay Yasa, , Ahmet Fatih Tabak, , Joshua Giltinan, , Sitti, M. 3D-Printed Biodegradable Microswimmer for Drug Delivery and Targeted Cell Labeling bioRxiv, pages: 379024, July 2018 (article)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

Blind Justice: Fairness with Encrypted Sensitive Attributes

Kilbertus, N., Gascon, A., Kusner, M., Veale, M., Gummadi, K., Weller, A.

Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 2635-2644, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Kilbertus, N., Gascon, A., Kusner, M., Veale, M., Gummadi, K., Weller, A. Blind Justice: Fairness with Encrypted Sensitive Attributes Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 2635-2644, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Detecting non-causal artifacts in multivariate linear regression models

Janzing, D., Schölkopf, B.

Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 2250-2258, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

ei Janzing, D., Schölkopf, B. Detecting non-causal artifacts in multivariate linear regression models Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 2250-2258, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

Learning-based solution to phase error correction in T2*-weighted GRE scans

Loktyushin, A., Ehses, P., Schölkopf, B., Scheffler, K.

1st International conference on Medical Imaging with Deep Learning (MIDL), July 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

ei Loktyushin, A., Ehses, P., Schölkopf, B., Scheffler, K. Learning-based solution to phase error correction in T2*-weighted GRE scans 1st International conference on Medical Imaging with Deep Learning (MIDL), July 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

The Mirage of Action-Dependent Baselines in Reinforcement Learning

Tucker, G., Bhupatiraju, S., Gu, S., Turner, R., Ghahramani, Z., Levine, S.

Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 5022-5031, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

PDF link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Tucker, G., Bhupatiraju, S., Gu, S., Turner, R., Ghahramani, Z., Levine, S. The Mirage of Action-Dependent Baselines in Reinforcement Learning Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 5022-5031, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

PDF link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Intrinsic disentanglement: an invariance view for deep generative models

Besserve, M., Sun, R., Schölkopf, B.

Workshop on Theoretical Foundations and Applications of Deep Generative Models at ICML, July 2018 (conference)

PDF [BibTex]

ei Besserve, M., Sun, R., Schölkopf, B. Intrinsic disentanglement: an invariance view for deep generative models Workshop on Theoretical Foundations and Applications of Deep Generative Models at ICML, July 2018 (conference)

PDF [BibTex]

Assessing Generative Models via Precision and Recall

Sajjadi, M. S. M., Bachem, O., Lucic, M., Bousquet, O., Gelly, S.

Workshop on Theoretical Foundations and Applications of Deep Generative Models (TADGM) at the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), July 2018 (conference)

arXiv [BibTex]

ei Sajjadi, M. S. M., Bachem, O., Lucic, M., Bousquet, O., Gelly, S. Assessing Generative Models via Precision and Recall Workshop on Theoretical Foundations and Applications of Deep Generative Models (TADGM) at the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), July 2018 (conference)

arXiv [BibTex]

Tempered Adversarial Networks

Sajjadi, M. S. M., Parascandolo, G., Mehrjou, A., Schölkopf, B.

Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 4448-4456, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

arXiv link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Sajjadi, M. S. M., Parascandolo, G., Mehrjou, A., Schölkopf, B. Tempered Adversarial Networks Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 4448-4456, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

arXiv link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

PIPPS: Flexible Model-Based Policy Search Robust to the Curse of Chaos

Parmas, P., Rasmussen, C., Peters, J., Doya, K.

Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 4065-4074, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Parmas, P., Rasmussen, C., Peters, J., Doya, K. PIPPS: Flexible Model-Based Policy Search Robust to the Curse of Chaos Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 4065-4074, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Learning Independent Causal Mechanisms

Parascandolo, G., Kilbertus, N., Rojas-Carulla, M., Schölkopf, B.

Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 4033-4041, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Parascandolo, G., Kilbertus, N., Rojas-Carulla, M., Schölkopf, B. Learning Independent Causal Mechanisms Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 4033-4041, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Robust Physics-based Motion Retargeting with Realistic Body Shapes

Borno, M. A., Righetti, L., Black, M. J., Delp, S. L., Fiume, E., Romero, J.

Computer Graphics Forum, 37, pages: 6:1-12, July 2018 (article)

Abstract

Motion capture is often retargeted to new, and sometimes drastically different, characters. When the characters take on realistic human shapes, however, we become more sensitive to the motion looking right. This means adapting it to be consistent with the physical constraints imposed by different body shapes. We show how to take realistic 3D human shapes, approximate them using a simplified representation, and animate them so that they move realistically using physically-based retargeting. We develop a novel spacetime optimization approach that learns and robustly adapts physical controllers to new bodies and constraints. The approach automatically adapts the motion of the mocap subject to the body shape of a target subject. This motion respects the physical properties of the new body and every body shape results in a different and appropriate movement. This makes it easy to create a varied set of motions from a single mocap sequence by simply varying the characters. In an interactive environment, successful retargeting requires adapting the motion to unexpected external forces. We achieve robustness to such forces using a novel LQR-tree formulation. We show that the simulated motions look appropriate to each character’s anatomy and their actions are robust to perturbations.

mg ps

pdf video Project Page Project Page [BibTex]

mg ps Borno, M. A., Righetti, L., Black, M. J., Delp, S. L., Fiume, E., Romero, J. Robust Physics-based Motion Retargeting with Realistic Body Shapes Computer Graphics Forum, 37, pages: 6:1-12, July 2018 (article)

pdf video Project Page Project Page [BibTex]

Nonstationary GANs: Analysis as Nonautonomous Dynamical Systems

Mehrjou, A., Schölkopf, B.

Workshop on Theoretical Foundations and Applications of Deep Generative Models at ICML, July 2018 (conference)

PDF [BibTex]

ei Mehrjou, A., Schölkopf, B. Nonstationary GANs: Analysis as Nonautonomous Dynamical Systems Workshop on Theoretical Foundations and Applications of Deep Generative Models at ICML, July 2018 (conference)

PDF [BibTex]

Differentially Private Database Release via Kernel Mean Embeddings

Balog, M., Tolstikhin, I., Schölkopf, B.

Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 423-431, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page Project Page [BibTex]

ei Balog, M., Tolstikhin, I., Schölkopf, B. Differentially Private Database Release via Kernel Mean Embeddings Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 423-431, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page Project Page [BibTex]

On Matching Pursuit and Coordinate Descent

Locatello, F., Raj, A., Praneeth Karimireddy, S., Rätsch, G., Schölkopf, B., Stich, S. U., Jaggi, M.

Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 3204-3213, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Locatello, F., Raj, A., Praneeth Karimireddy, S., Rätsch, G., Schölkopf, B., Stich, S. U., Jaggi, M. On Matching Pursuit and Coordinate Descent Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 80, pages: 3204-3213, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Dy, Jennifer and Krause, Andreas), PMLR, July 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Iterative Model-Fitting and Local Controller Optimization - Towards a Better Understanding of Convergence Properties

Wüthrich, M., Schölkopf, B.

Workshop on Prediction and Generative Modeling in Reinforcement Learning at ICML, July 2018 (conference)

PDF link (url) [BibTex]

ei Wüthrich, M., Schölkopf, B. Iterative Model-Fitting and Local Controller Optimization - Towards a Better Understanding of Convergence Properties Workshop on Prediction and Generative Modeling in Reinforcement Learning at ICML, July 2018 (conference)

PDF link (url) [BibTex]

Counterfactual Mean Embedding: A Kernel Method for Nonparametric Causal Inference

Muandet, K., Kanagawa, M., Saengkyongam, S., Marukata, S.

Workshop on Machine Learning for Causal Inference, Counterfactual Prediction, and Autonomous Action (CausalML) at ICML, July 2018 (conference)

[BibTex]

ei Muandet, K., Kanagawa, M., Saengkyongam, S., Marukata, S. Counterfactual Mean Embedding: A Kernel Method for Nonparametric Causal Inference Workshop on Machine Learning for Causal Inference, Counterfactual Prediction, and Autonomous Action (CausalML) at ICML, July 2018 (conference)

[BibTex]

Innate turning preference of leaf-cutting ants in the absence of external orientation cues

Endlein, T., Sitti, M.

Journal of Experimental Biology, The Company of Biologists Ltd, June 2018 (article)

Abstract

Many ants use a combination of cues for orientation but how do ants find their way when all external cues are suppressed? Do they walk in a random way or are their movements spatially oriented? Here we show for the first time that leaf-cutting ants (Acromyrmex lundii) have an innate preference of turning counter-clockwise (left) when external cues are precluded. We demonstrated this by allowing individual ants to run freely on the water surface of a newly-developed treadmill. The surface tension supported medium-sized workers but effectively prevented ants from reaching the wall of the vessel, important to avoid wall-following behaviour (thigmotaxis). Most ants ran for minutes on the spot but also slowly turned counter-clockwise in the absence of visual cues. Reconstructing the effectively walked path revealed a looping pattern which could be interpreted as a search strategy. A similar turning bias was shown for groups of ants in a symmetrical Y-maze where twice as many ants chose the left branch in the absence of optical cues. Wall-following behaviour was tested by inserting a coiled tube before the Y-fork. When ants traversed a left-coiled tube, more ants chose the left box and vice versa. Adding visual cues in form of vertical black strips either outside the treadmill or on one branch of the Y-maze led to oriented walks towards the strips. It is suggested that both, the turning bias and the wall-following are employed as search strategies for an unknown environment which can be overridden by visual cues.

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

pi Endlein, T., Sitti, M. Innate turning preference of leaf-cutting ants in the absence of external orientation cues Journal of Experimental Biology, The Company of Biologists Ltd, June 2018 (article)

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

Motility and chemotaxis of bacteria-driven microswimmers fabricated using antigen 43-mediated biotin display

Schauer, O., Mostaghaci, B., Colin, R., Hürtgen, D., Kraus, D., Sitti, M., Sourjik, V.

Scientific Reports, 8(1):9801, Nature Publishing Group, June 2018 (article)

Abstract

Bacteria-driven biohybrid microswimmers (bacteriabots) combine synthetic cargo with motile living bacteria that enable propulsion and steering. Although fabrication and potential use of such bacteriabots have attracted much attention, existing methods of fabrication require an extensive sample preparation that can drastically decrease the viability and motility of bacteria. Moreover, chemotactic behavior of bacteriabots in a liquid medium with chemical gradients has remained largely unclear. To overcome these shortcomings, we designed Escherichia coli to autonomously display biotin on its cell surface via the engineered autotransporter antigen 43 and thus to bind streptavidin-coated cargo. We show that the cargo attachment to these bacteria is greatly enhanced by motility and occurs predominantly at the cell poles, which is greatly beneficial for the fabrication of motile bacteriabots. We further performed a systemic study to understand and optimize the ability of these bacteriabots to follow chemical gradients. We demonstrate that the chemotaxis of bacteriabots is primarily limited by the cargo-dependent reduction of swimming speed and show that the fabrication of bacteriabots using elongated E. coli cells can be used to overcome this limitation.

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

pi Schauer, O., Mostaghaci, B., Colin, R., Hürtgen, D., Kraus, D., Sitti, M., Sourjik, V. Motility and chemotaxis of bacteria-driven microswimmers fabricated using antigen 43-mediated biotin display Scientific Reports, 8(1):9801, Nature Publishing Group, June 2018 (article)

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

Multifunctional ferrofluid-infused surfaces with reconfigurable multiscale topography

Wang, W., Timonen, J. V. I., Carlson, A., Drotlef, D., Zhang, C. T., Kolle, S., Grinthal, A., Wong, T., Hatton, B., Kang, S. H., Kennedy, S., Chi, J., Blough, R. T., Sitti, M., Mahadevan, L., Aizenberg, J.

Nature, June 2018 (article)

Abstract

Developing adaptive materials with geometries that change in response to external stimuli provides fundamental insights into the links between the physical forces involved and the resultant morphologies and creates a foundation for technologically relevant dynamic systems1,2. In particular, reconfigurable surface topography as a means to control interfacial properties 3 has recently been explored using responsive gels 4 , shape-memory polymers 5 , liquid crystals6-8 and hybrid composites9-14, including magnetically active slippery surfaces12-14. However, these designs exhibit a limited range of topographical changes and thus a restricted scope of function. Here we introduce a hierarchical magneto-responsive composite surface, made by infiltrating a ferrofluid into a microstructured matrix (termed ferrofluid-containing liquid-infused porous surfaces, or FLIPS). We demonstrate various topographical reconfigurations at multiple length scales and a broad range of associated emergent behaviours. An applied magnetic-field gradient induces the movement of magnetic nanoparticles suspended in the ferrofluid, which leads to microscale flow of the ferrofluid first above and then within the microstructured surface. This redistribution changes the initially smooth surface of the ferrofluid (which is immobilized by the porous matrix through capillary forces) into various multiscale hierarchical topographies shaped by the size, arrangement and orientation of the confining microstructures in the magnetic field. We analyse the spatial and temporal dynamics of these reconfigurations theoretically and experimentally as a function of the balance between capillary and magnetic pressures15-19 and of the geometric anisotropy of the FLIPS system. Several interesting functions at three different length scales are demonstrated: self-assembly of colloidal particles at the micrometre scale; regulated flow of liquid droplets at the millimetre scale; and switchable adhesion and friction, liquid pumping and removal of biofilms at the centimetre scale. We envision that FLIPS could be used as part of integrated control systems for the manipulation and transport of matter, thermal management, microfluidics and fouling-release materials.

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

pi Wang, W., Timonen, J. V. I., Carlson, A., Drotlef, D., Zhang, C. T., Kolle, S., Grinthal, A., Wong, T., Hatton, B., Kang, S. H., Kennedy, S., Chi, J., Blough, R. T., Sitti, M., Mahadevan, L., Aizenberg, J. Multifunctional ferrofluid-infused surfaces with reconfigurable multiscale topography Nature, June 2018 (article)

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

Infinite Factorial Finite State Machine for Blind Multiuser Channel Estimation

Ruiz, F. J. R., Valera, I., Svensson, L., Perez-Cruz, F.

IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking, 4(2):177-191, June 2018 (article)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

ei Ruiz, F. J. R., Valera, I., Svensson, L., Perez-Cruz, F. Infinite Factorial Finite State Machine for Blind Multiuser Channel Estimation IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking, 4(2):177-191, June 2018 (article)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

Frame-Recurrent Video Super-Resolution

Sajjadi, M. S. M., Vemulapalli, R., Brown, M.

IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) , June 2018 (conference)

ArXiv link (url) [BibTex]

ei Sajjadi, M. S. M., Vemulapalli, R., Brown, M. Frame-Recurrent Video Super-Resolution IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) , June 2018 (conference)

ArXiv link (url) [BibTex]

Learning Face Deblurring Fast and Wide

Jin, M., Hirsch, M., Favaro, P.

The IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops, pages: 745-753, June 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

ei Jin, M., Hirsch, M., Favaro, P. Learning Face Deblurring Fast and Wide The IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops, pages: 745-753, June 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

Self-Sensing Paper Actuators Based on Graphite–Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Films

Amjadi, M., Sitti, M.

Advanced Science, pages: 1800239, May 2018 (article)

Abstract

Abstract Soft actuators have demonstrated potential in a range of applications, including soft robotics, artificial muscles, and biomimetic devices. However, the majority of current soft actuators suffer from the lack of real-time sensory feedback, prohibiting their effective sensing and multitask function. Here, a promising strategy is reported to design bilayer electrothermal actuators capable of simultaneous actuation and sensation (i.e., self-sensing actuators), merely through two input electric terminals. Decoupled electrothermal stimulation and strain sensation is achieved by the optimal combination of graphite microparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the form of hybrid films. By finely tuning the charge transport properties of hybrid films, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of self-sensing actuators is remarkably enhanced to over 66. As a result, self-sensing actuators can actively track their displacement and distinguish the touch of soft and hard objects.

link (url) DOI Project Page [BibTex]

pi Amjadi, M., Sitti, M. Self-Sensing Paper Actuators Based on Graphite–Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Films Advanced Science, pages: 1800239, May 2018 (article)

link (url) DOI Project Page [BibTex]

Wasserstein Auto-Encoders

Tolstikhin, I., Bousquet, O., Gelly, S., Schölkopf, B.

6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Tolstikhin, I., Bousquet, O., Gelly, S., Schölkopf, B. Wasserstein Auto-Encoders 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Fidelity-Weighted Learning

Dehghani, M., Mehrjou, A., Gouws, S., Kamps, J., Schölkopf, B.

6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Dehghani, M., Mehrjou, A., Gouws, S., Kamps, J., Schölkopf, B. Fidelity-Weighted Learning 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Inducing Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars for the Sequencing of Movement Primitives

Lioutikov, R., Maeda, G., Veiga, F., Kersting, K., Peters, J.

IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, (ICRA), pages: 1-8, IEEE, May 2018 (conference)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

ei Lioutikov, R., Maeda, G., Veiga, F., Kersting, K., Peters, J. Inducing Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars for the Sequencing of Movement Primitives IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, (ICRA), pages: 1-8, IEEE, May 2018 (conference)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

Sobolev GAN

Mroueh, Y., Li*, C., Sercu*, T., Raj*, A., Cheng, Y.

6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018, *equal contribution (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Mroueh, Y., Li*, C., Sercu*, T., Raj*, A., Cheng, Y. Sobolev GAN 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018, *equal contribution (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Assisting Movement Training and Execution With Visual and Haptic Feedback

Ewerton, M., Rother, D., Weimar, J., Kollegger, G., Wiemeyer, J., Peters, J., Maeda, G.

Frontiers in Neurorobotics, 12, May 2018 (article)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

ei Ewerton, M., Rother, D., Weimar, J., Kollegger, G., Wiemeyer, J., Peters, J., Maeda, G. Assisting Movement Training and Execution With Visual and Haptic Feedback Frontiers in Neurorobotics, 12, May 2018 (article)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

Temporal Difference Models: Model-Free Deep RL for Model-Based Control

Pong*, V., Gu*, S., Dalal, M., Levine, S.

6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018, *equal contribution (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Pong*, V., Gu*, S., Dalal, M., Levine, S. Temporal Difference Models: Model-Free Deep RL for Model-Based Control 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018, *equal contribution (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Wasserstein Auto-Encoders: Latent Dimensionality and Random Encoders

Rubenstein, P. K., Schölkopf, B., Tolstikhin, I.

Workshop at the 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Rubenstein, P. K., Schölkopf, B., Tolstikhin, I. Wasserstein Auto-Encoders: Latent Dimensionality and Random Encoders Workshop at the 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Leave no Trace: Learning to Reset for Safe and Autonomous Reinforcement Learning

Eysenbach, B., Gu, S., Ibarz, J., Levine, S.

6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

Videos link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Eysenbach, B., Gu, S., Ibarz, J., Levine, S. Leave no Trace: Learning to Reset for Safe and Autonomous Reinforcement Learning 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

Videos link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Tempered Adversarial Networks

Sajjadi, M. S. M., Parascandolo, G., Mehrjou, A., Schölkopf, B.

Workshop at the 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

arXiv [BibTex]

ei Sajjadi, M. S. M., Parascandolo, G., Mehrjou, A., Schölkopf, B. Tempered Adversarial Networks Workshop at the 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

arXiv [BibTex]

Learning Coupled Forward-Inverse Models with Combined Prediction Errors

Koert, D., Maeda, G., Neumann, G., Peters, J.

IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, (ICRA), pages: 2433-2439, IEEE, May 2018 (conference)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

ei Koert, D., Maeda, G., Neumann, G., Peters, J. Learning Coupled Forward-Inverse Models with Combined Prediction Errors IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, (ICRA), pages: 2433-2439, IEEE, May 2018 (conference)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

Learning Disentangled Representations with Wasserstein Auto-Encoders

Rubenstein, P. K., Schölkopf, B., Tolstikhin, I.

Workshop at the 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

ei Rubenstein, P. K., Schölkopf, B., Tolstikhin, I. Learning Disentangled Representations with Wasserstein Auto-Encoders Workshop at the 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page [BibTex]

Automatic Estimation of Modulation Transfer Functions

Bauer, M., Volchkov, V., Hirsch, M., Schölkopf, B.

IEEE International Conference on Computational Photography (ICCP), May 2018 (conference)

ei sf

DOI [BibTex]

ei sf Bauer, M., Volchkov, V., Hirsch, M., Schölkopf, B. Automatic Estimation of Modulation Transfer Functions IEEE International Conference on Computational Photography (ICCP), May 2018 (conference)

DOI [BibTex]

Causal Discovery Using Proxy Variables

Rojas-Carulla, M., Baroni, M., Lopez-Paz, D.

Workshop at 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

ei Rojas-Carulla, M., Baroni, M., Lopez-Paz, D. Causal Discovery Using Proxy Variables Workshop at 6th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), May 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

Sample and Feedback Efficient Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning from Human Preferences

Pinsler, R., Akrour, R., Osa, T., Peters, J., Neumann, G.

IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, (ICRA), pages: 596-601, IEEE, May 2018 (conference)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

ei Pinsler, R., Akrour, R., Osa, T., Peters, J., Neumann, G. Sample and Feedback Efficient Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning from Human Preferences IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, (ICRA), pages: 596-601, IEEE, May 2018 (conference)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

Group invariance principles for causal generative models

Besserve, M., Shajarisales, N., Schölkopf, B., Janzing, D.

Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS), 84, pages: 557-565, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Amos Storkey and Fernando Perez-Cruz), PMLR, April 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

ei Besserve, M., Shajarisales, N., Schölkopf, B., Janzing, D. Group invariance principles for causal generative models Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS), 84, pages: 557-565, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Amos Storkey and Fernando Perez-Cruz), PMLR, April 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

Boosting Variational Inference: an Optimization Perspective

Locatello, F., Khanna, R., Ghosh, J., Rätsch, G.

Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS), 84, pages: 464-472, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Amos Storkey and Fernando Perez-Cruz), PMLR, April 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page Project Page [BibTex]

ei Locatello, F., Khanna, R., Ghosh, J., Rätsch, G. Boosting Variational Inference: an Optimization Perspective Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS), 84, pages: 464-472, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Amos Storkey and Fernando Perez-Cruz), PMLR, April 2018 (conference)

link (url) Project Page Project Page [BibTex]

Mixture of Attractors: A Novel Movement Primitive Representation for Learning Motor Skills From Demonstrations

Manschitz, S., Gienger, M., Kober, J., Peters, J.

IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 3(2):926-933, April 2018 (article)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

ei Manschitz, S., Gienger, M., Kober, J., Peters, J. Mixture of Attractors: A Novel Movement Primitive Representation for Learning Motor Skills From Demonstrations IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 3(2):926-933, April 2018 (article)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

Soft erythrocyte-based bacterial microswimmers for cargo delivery

Alapan, Y., Yasa, O., Schauer, O., Giltinan, J., Tabak, A. F., Sourjik, V., Sitti, M.

Science Robotics, 3(17):eaar4423, Science Robotics, April 2018 (article)

Abstract

Bacteria-propelled biohybrid microswimmers have recently shown to be able to actively transport and deliver cargos encapsulated into their synthetic constructs to specific regions locally. However, usage of synthetic materials as cargo carriers can result in inferior performance in load-carrying efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, impeding clinical translation of biohybrid microswimmers. Here, we report construction and external guidance of bacteria-driven microswimmers using red blood cells (RBCs; erythrocytes) as autologous cargo carriers for active and guided drug delivery. Multifunctional biohybrid microswimmers were fabricated by attachment of RBCs [loaded with anticancer doxorubicin drug molecules and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs)] to bioengineered motile bacteria, Escherichia coli MG1655, via biotin-avidin-biotin binding complex. Autonomous and on-board propulsion of biohybrid microswimmers was provided by bacteria, and their external magnetic guidance was enabled by SPIONs loaded into the RBCs. Furthermore, bacteria-driven RBC microswimmers displayed preserved deformability and attachment stability even after squeezing in microchannels smaller than their sizes, as in the case of bare RBCs. In addition, an on-demand light-activated hyperthermia termination switch was engineered for RBC microswimmers to control bacteria population after operations. RBCs, as biological and autologous cargo carriers in the biohybrid microswimmers, offer notable advantages in stability, deformability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability over synthetic cargo-carrier materials. The biohybrid microswimmer design presented here transforms RBCs from passive cargo carriers into active and guidable cargo carriers toward targeted drug and other cargo delivery applications in medicine.

link (url) DOI Project Page Project Page [BibTex]

pi Alapan, Y., Yasa, O., Schauer, O., Giltinan, J., Tabak, A. F., Sourjik, V., Sitti, M. Soft erythrocyte-based bacterial microswimmers for cargo delivery Science Robotics, 3(17):eaar4423, Science Robotics, April 2018 (article)

link (url) DOI Project Page Project Page [BibTex]

Miniature soft robots – road to the clinic

Sitti, M.

Nature Reviews Materials, April 2018 (article)

Abstract

Soft small robots offer the opportunity to non-invasively access human tissue to perform medical operations and deliver drugs; however, challenges in materials design, biocompatibility and function control remain to be overcome for soft robots to reach the clinic.

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

pi Sitti, M. Miniature soft robots – road to the clinic Nature Reviews Materials, April 2018 (article)

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

Probabilistic movement primitives under unknown system dynamics

Paraschos, A., Rueckert, E., Peters, J., Neumann, G.

Advanced Robotics, 32(6):297-310, April 2018 (article)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

ei Paraschos, A., Rueckert, E., Peters, J., Neumann, G. Probabilistic movement primitives under unknown system dynamics Advanced Robotics, 32(6):297-310, April 2018 (article)

DOI Project Page [BibTex]

Cause-Effect Inference by Comparing Regression Errors

Blöbaum, P., Janzing, D., Washio, T., Shimizu, S., Schölkopf, B.

Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS) , 84, pages: 900-909, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Amos Storkey and Fernando Perez-Cruz), PMLR, April 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

ei Blöbaum, P., Janzing, D., Washio, T., Shimizu, S., Schölkopf, B. Cause-Effect Inference by Comparing Regression Errors Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS) , 84, pages: 900-909, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, (Editors: Amos Storkey and Fernando Perez-Cruz), PMLR, April 2018 (conference)

link (url) [BibTex]

Wrinkling Instability and Adhesion of a Highly Bendable Gallium Oxide Nanofilm Encapsulating a Liquid-Gallium Droplet

Yunusa, M., Amador, G. J., Drotlef, D., Sitti, M.

Nano Letters, 18(4):2498-2504, March 2018 (article)

Abstract

The wrinkling and interfacial adhesion mechanics of a gallium-oxide nanofilm encapsulating a liquid-gallium droplet are presented. The native oxide nanofilm provides mechanical stability by preventing the flow of the liquid metal. We show how a crumpled oxide skin a few nanometers thick behaves akin to a highly bendable elastic nanofilm under ambient conditions. Upon compression, a wrinkling instability emerges at the contact interface to relieve the applied stress. As the load is further increased, radial wrinkles evolve, and, eventually, the oxide nanofilm ruptures. The observed wrinkling closely resembles the instability experienced by nanofilms under axisymmetric loading, thus providing further insights into the behaviors of elastic nanofilms. Moreover, the mechanical attributes of the oxide skin enable high surface conformation by exhibiting liquid-like behavior. We measured an adhesion energy of 0.238 ± 0.008 J m–2 between a liquid-gallium droplet and smooth flat glass, which is close to the measurements of thin-sheet nanomaterials such as graphene on silicon dioxide.

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

pi Yunusa, M., Amador, G. J., Drotlef, D., Sitti, M. Wrinkling Instability and Adhesion of a Highly Bendable Gallium Oxide Nanofilm Encapsulating a Liquid-Gallium Droplet Nano Letters, 18(4):2498-2504, March 2018 (article)

link (url) DOI [BibTex]

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